Adverse effects of GLP-1 agonists on oral health
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59471/ijhsc2026432Keywords:
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists, Semaglutide, Xerostomia, Hyposalivation, Oral Health, Periodontal DiseaseAbstract
Poor oral health influences chewing, swallowing, speaking and social interaction. In recent years, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity due to their effectiveness in glycemic control and body weight reduction. However, the use of these drugs has generated interest due to their repercussions on the oral cavity. The objective of this work was to analyze the available scientific evidence on the adverse effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on oral health. A documentary review of publications published between 2019 and 2026 was carried out, consulting the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. The findings showed that xerostomia and hyposalivation are the most frequently reported oral manifestations, stimulating alterations in oral homeostasis and increasing the risk of dental caries, periodontal disease, halitosis, dysgeusia and erosive dental wear. Likewise, the need to integrate the dentist in the multidisciplinary follow-up of patients treated with GLP-1 receptor agonists was identified, in order to promote early detection and prevention of associated oral complications.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Virginia Marta Jewtuchowicz, Luciana Grigera Marquez, María Isabel Brusca (Author)
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