Risk of diabetes mellitus type 2 in students of the Instituto Superior Tecnológico Tsáchila, Santo Domingo, Santo Domingo, 2022
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59471/ijhsc2023165Keywords:
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Risk Factors, Findrisk Test, University Students, Public HealthAbstract
Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease with high global prevalence, affecting 463 million people and projected to reach 642 million by 2040. In Ecuador, it is one of the main causes of mortality, especially among women. Objective: To evaluate the risk of this disease in students of an educational institute using the Findrisk test. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out, applying the Findrisk test to 234 students. The sampling was non-probabilistic by convenience, and the data were processed with SPSS version 22. Results and discussion: 58.5% of the students had a low risk of developing diabetes. Most of the students had a normal weight BMI (52.1%), although 28.6% were overweight and 15.8% obese. Regarding abdominal perimeter, 65% of the students had normal measurements, but 35% were at high or very high risk. The youth of the population studied explains the predominance of low risk. However, there was a trend of increased risk associated with sedentary lifestyle and poor eating habits, exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: The risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus is mostly low in the population studied, but educational and physical activity programs should be implemented to mitigate the risks associated with sedentary lifestyle and poor diet.
References
Babu K, Roobini MS, Prabhakaran S, Sadagopan S, Kanimozhi N. Evaluation and Management of Diabetic Neuropathy from the Perspective of People with Diabetes. Salud Cienc Tecnol - Ser Conf 2024;3:655. https://doi.org/10.56294/sctconf2024655.
Othman MM, Khudadad H, Dughmosh R, Syed A, Clark J, Furuya-Kanamori L, et al. Towards a better understanding of self-management interventions in type 2 diabetes: A meta-regression analysis. Prim Care Diabetes 2021;15:985-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcd.2021.06.006.
Święcicka-Klama A, Połtyn-Zaradna K, Szuba A, Zatońska K. The Natural Course of Impaired Fasting Glucose. Adv Exp Med Biol 2021;1324:41-50. https://doi.org/10.1007/5584_2020_571.
Lima ACS, Araújo MFM, Freitas RWJFD, Zanetti ML, Almeida PCD, Damasceno MMC. Risk factors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in college students: association with sociodemographic variables. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2014;22:484-90. https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-1169.3053.2441.
Amankwah-Poku M. A cross-sectional study of knowledge and awareness of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a student population in Ghana: do demographics and lifestyle make a difference. Health Psychol Behav Med 2019;7:234-52. https://doi.org/10.1080/21642850.2019.1637261.
Hernandez L, Leutwyler H, Cataldo J, Kanaya A, Swislocki A, Chesla C. Symptom Experience of Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes and Diabetes-Related Distress. Nurs Res 2019;68:374-82. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNR.0000000000000370.
Pokhrel S, Shrestha S, Timilsina A, Sapkota M, Bhatt MP, Pardhe BD. Self-Care Adherence And Barriers To Good Glycaemic Control In Nepalese Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study. J Multidiscip Healthc 2019;12:817-26. https://doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S216842.
Emami Z, Kouhkan A, Khajavi A, Khamseh ME. Knowledge of physicians regarding the management of Type two Diabetes in a primary care setting: the impact of online continuous medical education. BMC Med Educ 2020;20:374. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-020-02212-3.
Porr CJ, Rios P, Bajaj HS, Egan AM, Huot C, Batten R, et al. The effects of recreational cannabis use on glycemic outcomes and self-management behaviours in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a rapid review. Syst Rev 2020;9:187. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-020-01411-9.
Góra A, Szczepańska E, Janion K. Knowledge on risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus among secondary school students. Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig 2020;71:431-43. https://doi.org/10.32394/rpzh.2020.0137.
Altamirano Cordero L, Vásquez C M, Cordero G, Álvarez R, Añez R, Rojas J, et al. Prevalencia de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y sus factores de riesgo en individuos adultos de la cuidad de Cuenca-Ecuador. Av En Biomed 2017;6:10-21.
Leiva AM, Poblete F, Díaz X, Celis C. Factores Asociados al Desarrollo de Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 en Chile. Nutr Hosp 2018;XXXV. https://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0212-16112018000200400.
Pereira Pérez Z. Los diseños de método mixto en la investigación en educación: Una experiencia concreta. Rev Electrónica Educ 2020;15:15-29.
Hernández Sampieri R, Mendoza Torres CP. Metodología de la investigación: las rutas cuantitativa, cualitativa y mixta. 2 ed. México: McGraw-Hill Education; 2023.
Congreso Nacional de la República del Ecuador. Ley de derecho y Amparo del Paciente. 2006.
Chawla R. Complicaciones de la diabetes. 1 ed. Auroch Healt Care; 2012.
Organización Mundial Salud. Cada movimiento cuenta para mejorar la salud – dice la OMS 2020. https://www.who.int/es/news/item/25-11-2020-every-move-counts-towards-better-health-says-who#:~:text=Las%20estad%C3%ADsticas%20de%20la%20OMS,por%20la%20p%C3%A9rdida%20de%20productividad.
Landeros Ramírez P, Gómez Cruz Z, Nuñez A, Rimoldi Rentería M, Parada Barrera G, Núñez-Hernández. Índice de Masa Corporal y Rendimiento Académico en Estudiantes Universitarios. Rev Salud Pública Nutr 2018;17. https://doi.org/10.29105/respyn17.4-4.
Aráuz-Hernández A, Guzmán-Padilla S, Roselló-Araya M. La circunferencia abdominal como indicador de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular. Acta Médica Costarric 2013;55. https://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-60022013000300004.
Buendía R, Zambrano M, Morales A, Alejo A, Giraldo L, Gámez D, et al. Perímetro de cintura aumentado y riesgo de diabetes. Acta Médica Colomb 2016;41.
Aranda Hernández B. Riesgo de desarrollo de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en estudiantes universitarios. Rev Electrónica Portales Medicoscom 2020;15:1151.
Pérez Sánchez E. Valoración del riesgo de padecer diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en población joven del distrito de Lambayeque, enero-marzo 2020. Universidad de San Martín de Porres, 2022.
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Ana Nereida Godoy Cagua, Nataly Silvana Granja Ati, Miguel Ángel Enríquez Jácome, Wilter C. Morales-García (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The article is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Unless otherwise stated, associated published material is distributed under the same licence.
How to Cite
