Comprehensive Approach to Melasma: Beyond Dermatology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59471/ijhsc202516Keywords:
Hyperpigmentation, Melasma, Patient education, PhotoprotectionAbstract
Melasma was described as a chronic skin condition characterised by hyperpigmented patches on the face, with a higher prevalence in women of childbearing age and phototypes III to V. Its development was related to hormonal and genetic factors and, especially, to sun exposure. It was recognised that photoprotection played a key role in both the prevention and treatment of lesions, improving the effectiveness of depigmenting agents and reducing recurrence. Clinical studies showed that the combination of photoprotection with topical treatments such as hydroquinone, azelaic acid or tretinoin produced better results than their individual use. Likewise, it was emphasised that educating the patient about the constant use of sunscreen and the inclusion of topical antioxidants offered additional benefits, both aesthetic and emotional. In conclusion, photoprotection was considered an essential pillar in the effective and sustainable management of melasma.
References
Oliveira AR, Resplande A, Santos VM, Vieira EM. Tratamentos tópicos de melasma. Amazônia Sci Health. 2021;9(2):77-88.
Tassara LH, Dias L, Fernandes DF, Ferreira LAL. Terapias tópicas e sistêmicas no melasma: uma revisão sistemática. J Arch Health. 2024;5(3).
Aquino SIM, Rezende MA, Costa J, Silva AD. Prescrição cosmética individualizada na saúde da pele hiperpigmentada. 2023.
Fernandes VL, Melo JV, Carvalho AL, Barros JM. Perfil do uso de despigmentantes cutâneos por estudantes universitários de uma instituição de ensino privada de Teresina-PI. Bol Inf Geum. 2018;9(2):20.
Tapia AG. Indicaciones y aplicaciones de la fotoprotección. Medicine (Barc). 2018;12(47):2811-4.
De Siqueira ACFL, Pinto VSC, Nascimento DS. Terapias combinadas para o tratamento de melasma: revisão integrativa das abordagens atuais e resultados clínicos. Braz J Health Rev. 2024;7(4).
Lipsker D, Lenormand C. Hipergmentaciones. EMC Dermatol. 2017;51(3):1-14.
Celis-Martel A, Gonzalez-Cardenas D, Lopez-Urzua MF. Photo protection and its relationship with skin injuries in outdoor workers. Salud Cienc Tecnol. 2024;4:831.
Romero CC, López-Bran E. Alteraciones de la pigmentación. Medicine (Barc). 2018;12(48):2854-63.
Burgos-Blasco P, García-Ruiz P, Pérez-Olmeda M, Jiménez-Ríos G. Indicaciones y tratamiento fotoprotector. Medicine (Barc). 2022;13(47):2775-8.
Egido López G, Fernández-Cejas C, Sánchez D. Actualización en el tratamiento del melasma. Rev Sist Med Estética. 2021;69:7-15.
Biaggi GM, Muñoz PA. Actualizaciones en el tratamiento de melasma.
Pérez DA, Villaseñor NE, Santa Cruz FJ. Melasma en hombres. Rev Ctr Dermatol Pascua. 2015;24(1):14-20.
Pollak DC, Chávez CI, Ramírez LF, Vega MP, Ávila SM. Melasma en el 2021: actualización en la patogénesis y en el enfrentamiento terapéutico. Rev Chil Dermatol. 2023;37(3).
Villegas AGD, Hernández CG, Mendoza IA. Actualidades en el tratamiento de melasma. Dermatol Cosm Méd Quir. 2021;18(4):307-17.
Marcial VHO. Melasma refractario en mujer adulta. A propósito de un caso. Rev UNIANDES Cienc Salud. 2020;3(3):536-46.
Mendoza IA. Guías de diagnóstico y manejo de melasma. Dermatol Cosm Méd Quir. 2018;16(1):12-23.
Mendoza M. El papel del protector solar en la prevención de la recurrencia del melasma: un estudio longitudinal. Rev Clín Dermatol. 2018;27(7):849-55.
Burgos-Blasco B, Rodríguez-Vigil M, López-Estebaranz J. Impacto de la fotoprotección diaria en el tratamiento del melasma: un estudio comparativo. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2022;113(3):215-21.
Siqueira R, de Almeida A, Carvalhal L. Eficacia de las terapias tópicas y sistémicas para el melasma: una revisión completa. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2024;17:105-13.
Fernandes D, Silva J, Sousa P. El efecto rebote en el tratamiento del melasma: entendiendo los riesgos de una fotoprotección inadecuada. An Bras Dermatol. 2018;93(1):27-34.
Nascimento M, de Souza C, Lima F. El papel de la educación del paciente en el tratamiento del melasma: un ensayo controlado aleatorio. Rev Int Dermatol. 2023;62(4):476-82.
Braud A, Lipsker D. Enhancing treatment outcomes for melasma: The benefits of combined depigmenting agents and photoprotection. Br J Dermatol. 2024;190(4):1012-9.
Pollak L, Morag Y, Sutherland K. Quality of life in patients with melasma: The impact of sun exposure and treatment adherence. Dermatol Ther. 2023;36(6).
Keri J, Koo J. Advances in the treatment of melasma: Efficacy and safety of new agents. Skin Therapy Lett. 2021;26(3):1-7.
Sweeney D, Yiannias J, Kintziger K. Melasma treatment: A focus on the efficacy of adjunctive therapies. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2024;17(1):34-40.
Verma S, Kaur T, Singh H. Role of antioxidants in melasma treatment: A systematic review. Indian J Dermatol. 2022;67(5):432-40.
Mahe E, Dupuy P, Cario-Andre M. Photoprotection strategies for patients with melasma: A comprehensive review. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2024;38(1):19-26.
Hwang S, Lee J, Lee S. Combination therapy for melasma: A focus on topical agents and photoprotection. J Dermatol Treat. 2021;32(3):312-9.
Wang Y, Chen H, Zhang X. Long-term effects of sunscreen in melasma treatment: A clinical study. Dermatology. 2023;239(2):158-66.
Hsu C, Chang T, Wang Y. Efficacy of melasma treatment: Insights from recent clinical trials. J Dermatol. 2022;49(6):574-81.
Chan A, Wong C, Ng S. The interplay of photoprotection and pharmacotherapy in managing melasma: An evidence-based approach. Dermatol Res Pract. 2024;2024:1-9.
.
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Paula Campos Francielle , Karina Gabriela Cavillon (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The article is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Unless otherwise stated, associated published material is distributed under the same licence.
How to Cite
